The Hawaiian shield volcanoes are the largest mountains on Earth.Mauna Kea Volcano rises 13,796 feet (4,205 meters) above sea level but extends about 19,700 feet (6,000 meters) below sea level to meet the deep ocean floor.
Axel Munack, Director of Institute (now retired) | Cited by 2,082 | of Thünen Institute, Braunschweig (vTI) | Read 298 publications | Contact Axel Munack
Deep within the Earth it is so hot that some rocks slowly melt and become a thick flowing substance called magma. Since it is lighter than the solid rock around it, magma rises and collects in magma chambers.
Vog (volcanic smog) is a visible haze comprised of gas and an aerosol of tiny particles and acidic droplets created when sulfur dioxide (SO2) and other gases emitted from a volcano chemically interact with sunlight and atmospheric oxygen…
I am a volcanologist with a specialization in volcanic gases. Such gases are ultimately what drive volcanism and can give precursory signals in advance of eruptions. My research involves studying the amounts, behavior, and chemistry of…
Unctuous combustible substances that are liquid or easily liquefiable on warming, and are soluble in ether but insoluble in water. Such... | Explore the latest full-text research PDFs, articles, conference papers, preprints and more on OILS…
I am a volcanologist who focuses on volcanic hazards and eruption consequences. I am interested in understanding the sequence and extent of volcanic hazards that occurred during past eruptions.