The disk orbits about 1.6 million kilometers away from the pulsar and probably contains about 10 Earth-masses of material. [2 ] This also marks the first time that a pulsar has been discovered with a debris disk orbiting it. [3 ]
In physics, the Euler–Heisenberg Lagrangian describes the non-linear dynamics of electromagnetic fields in vacuum and is consequently an example of nonlinear electrodynamics.
Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer, commonly known as IXPE or SMEX-14, is a space observatory with three identical telescopes designed to measure the polarization of cosmic X-rays of black holes, neutron stars, and pulsars. [6 ] The…